7 Rules For Stabilizing - When, How, Why?
We receive so many questions about embroidery stabilizers and see so many photos of projects ruined just because they haven't been stabilized properly. So we've decided to make a special page about stabilizing.
The rules of stabilizing are simple and logical. Once you understand what every type of stabilizer is supposed to do, its strong sides and its weak sides, you should be able to match an appropriate embroidery stabilizer for each project easily.
Happy reading!
What Is An "Embroidery Stabilizer" and Why Should We Stabilize?
Embroidery stabilizers can be logically divided into two main types: "backings" and "toppings."
A "backing" is a piece of special material (usually nonwoven) that is placed UNDER the main fabric on which you intend to embroider, to make this fabric more stable.
Embroidery backings prevent fabric puckering, fabric stretching and deformation of embroideries after laundry.
"Topping", as you may already have guessed, is placed OVER the fabric on which you want to embroider.
Embroidery topping is a special material that is designed to stop embroidery stitches from "sinking" into stitches-absorbing types of fabric. For example - if you embroider on fleece, jersey, terry cloth, velvet, corduroy, artificial fur and so on - using embroidery topping is simply a must. If you neglect to do this, your precious project will be hopelessly ruined. A topping is also great to use if you want your design to "stand out" a little, even on regular fabric.
Embroidery toppings usually remind embroiderers of nylon film. But don't be fooled - they shouldn't be made out of nylon.
Most often, embroidery toppings are made out of gelatin-based water soluble substance, and easily get dissolved in warm water once your embroidery is finished. These water-soluble toppings are also called "wash-away", because they are easily washed away.
Another type of embroidery topping is heat-away, and they are removed with a hot iron. These ones are tricky. If you get a quality heat-away topping, it will be a blessing. A bad type, however, may leave you VERY angry and disappointed. Why? You'll discover below, once we explain when it's best to use each topping type.
Easy Rules for Stabilizing - When, How, and Why?
1. Stitches-absorbing fabric:
If you embroider on towels, velvet, fleece or other stitches-absorbing types of fabric, be sure to use topping film, to prevent stitches from sinking into the fabric. This is VERY important - without topping, such projects may be ruined.
There are two different types of embroidery toppings available - ones that are washed away with water, and ones that are removed with hot iron.
1.1 Heat-away topping:
The beauty of heat-away topping is that you remove it without wetting your project. Naturally, this is the only option when you're dealing with project that can't be washed. Using heat-away topping is convenient and fast, so you may want to use it whenever your fabric can stand a relatively hot iron. (Unless you just love to use wash-away anywhere you can).
The heat-away topping that we carry requires iron temperature of 260F (120C) (or higher). So, if your fabric can stand this temperature - you may use heat-away.
You hoop your fabric the regular way, place a piece of topping above the fabric, and embroider your design. Once the embroidery is finished, remove the hoop, cut away the large pieces of topping, put a piece of regular paper over the embroidery and iron it through that piece of paper.
The topping will remain on the paper; your embroidery will look great, smell great; and your iron will remain clean this way. You may shop for Heat-Away Topping here....
Heat-away topping tips:
1. If you're not sure whether your fabric supports 260F (120C) iron temperature - take a tiny test-piece of it, and try to iron, through a piece of paper. You'll know at once.
2. If a low quality heat-away backing is used, it may leave stains and unpleasant smell. So be careful to shop for good stuff.
3. NEVER use steam iron with heat-away topping.
1.2 Thin Wash-away topping:
Use thin wash-away topping every time that your fabric is not suitable for use with heat-away topping and wetting your project is not an issue. Visit this page to shop for thin Water-Soluble Topping.
1.3 Thick Wash-away topping:
Use thick wash-away toping with really high-pile fabrics, when you would normally use two layers of thin water-soluble film. Visit this page to get some thick Water-Soluble Topping. If your fabric can support either water soluble of heat away topping - use the type you like more. It may certainly be a matter of personal preference.
Here's a link to Water Soluble Topping film we use and highly recommend.
2. Heavier vs. Lighter fabric:
The heavier your fabric is, the heavier the weight of embroidery stabilizer that should be used; the lighter the fabric, the lighter machine embroidery stabilizer is recommended.
3. Denser vs. Transparent fabric:
The denser your embroidery design, the heavier the weight of stabilizer you should use; the less dense the design, the lighter backing is more recommended.
4. Using metallic thread:
If you're using metallic thread, avoid 100% polyester embroidery stabilizer. Try to use embroidery stabilizers with some natural component (cotton or poly-viscose). Natural machine embroidery stabilizers are usually softer, create less friction with embroidery needle and thread, and therefore you embroider with less thread breaks. This is correct for any thread, but is especially noticeable with metallic.
5. Cutaway Stabilizer:
Stretchy and unstable fabrics work best with cut-away stabilizers, because this type of backing can be removed by cutting it away without stretching the embroidered fabric in process. If you embroider on some kind of light cloth (like a T-shirt), be sure to use thin, translucent No-Show Mesh Cutaway Embroidery Stabilizer.
And here can be purchased Cutaway Embroidery Stabilizer - Medium Weight.
6. Tear-Away Stabilizer:
Stable woven fabrics usually work well with tear-away embroidery stabilizer because, when you tear away the excess stabilizer, the fabric that is stable won't stretch or become deformed. And it is a pleasure to use tear-away embroidery stabilizer when possible, because when it is removed, the back side of the embroidery looks better than after using cutaway (less backing edges can be seen).
Here are shortcuts to purchase two most popular types of tear away that we carry:
6.1 One is 100% Cotton Tear-Away Embroidery Stabilizer and can be ironed on to fabric - quilters just love it. It becomes VERY soft and pleasant after laundry.
6.2 The second one is more universal Poly-Viscose Tear-Away Embroidery Stabilizer, a little more stable than the above cotton embroidery stabilizer.
7. Water-Soluble Stabilizer:
If, for some reason, you need the stabilizer to be removed completely (for example, if you embroider on organza, or create cut-work or stand-alone lace), use strong Water-Soluble Stabilizer as backing.
Usually we prefer to use fabric-type Water Soluble Stabilizer, because it practically doesn't stretch, "sits" great in hoop, and behaves like regular nonwoven fabric until you wash it away. Fabric type water-soluble stabilizer also doesn't stiffen at all and can be stored for many years without losing it's good qualities.
8. Heat-Away Backing:
If one of the following situations apply, use fusible (heat-away) backing that can be removed from the embroidered item by using a hot iron:
8.1 Your fabric and design need embroidery stabilizer to remain under the stitches, but you can't use tear-away or cut-away (the design and/or fabric may be too delicate for tear-away and/or too sheer for cut-away).
8.2 Your project is NOT WASHABLE, too delicate for tear-away and/or too sheer for cutaway.
8.3 You're working with some special technique, like making lace at an edge, and water soluble stabilizer isn't enough.
8.4 You want to create stand-alone embroidery from a design that isn't digitized as stand-alone (you can just embroider on fusible embroidery stabilizer, cut the excess, then heat away the edges).
You may wonder why water-soluble embroidery stabilizer is more frequently used for correctly digitized lace designs. The reason is that it's much easier to remove water-soluble stabilizer.
CAUTION: NEVER, NEVER, NEVER use a STEAM iron with fusible stabilizer. The stabilizer will melt and ruin your fabric.
Here may be purchased Fusible Heat-Away Embroidery Stabilizer..
How To Store?
Many machine embroidery stabilizers look alike and are available in different weights, so it may be a good idea to keep them in the original packaging or in clearly marked bags. The identifying information you might need is the following:
1. Name and type of stabilizer
2. Weight of stabilizer
3. Its use
4. Brand ( to make sure you restock only the best ones )
Did you know that:
To avoid the flat look of finished embroidery and to have the three dimensional aspect, without puckering and damage to the threads, you must iron embroidered garments this way:
1. Place a fluffy terry cloth dowel on an ironing board.
2. Place the embroidery up-side down on the towel.
3. Press the iron on to the garment from the opposite side of the embroidery.
